Rhinitis is a common condition of captive Mediterranean tortoises (Testudo species).

The form was oblong; the middle was an open space to walk in, called Testudo, and which we now call the nave.

I will first describe the habits of the tortoise (Testudo nigra, formerly called Indica), which has been so frequently alluded to.

The end of the Testudo was curved, like the apse of some of our churches, and was called Tribunal, from causes being heard there.

They used the testudo formation to mount a siege wall.

The testudo, a wooden shelter, was also used, large enough to contain several men.

Invisible animals took it up, particle by particle, to build a testudo, a traveling house, for themselves.

The men pulled their swords, standing next to one another as if about to fall into testudo formation.

Some are casting missiles, others, forming a testudo, advance to the attack; fresh men by turns relieve the wearied.

And there were two testudos, covers of overlapping shields that the Romans wheeled up to walls to defend themselves from attackers.

At first they were sheltered by baskets and hurdles, afterwards by a testudo, or wooden house running upon wheels and roofed with thick planks.